South Africa, Kazakhstan and Turkey are the world’s largest producers of chromite ore. While many minerals contain chromium, it is the only commercial ore mineral. It has several industrial end uses, primarily based on its Cr: Fe content. High chromium ores are used for producing ferro-chromium for metallurgical applications such as stainless steel (the most important application by volume (85%) and special uses (superalloys, special steels, plating). High iron chromitites are being used for the production of low quality ferro chromium, foundry sands, chromium salts (used in the leather tanning industry, as a pigment and in chromium plating) and refractory purposes.
The crushing process begins with the communition of extracted ore in preparation for further activities to achieve ore values. Crushing operations are designed to produce uniform size particles by crushing, grinding, and wet or dry classification. The capital investment and operation costs of milling equipment are high. For this reason, it is important for us to choose the suitable crushing equipment. Factors that decide the choosing of crushing machine include the value concentration of the ore, its mineralogy, hardness, and moisture content.
Crushing is a multi-staged process and may use dry or wet ore feed. Typically, primary crushing take place at the mine site. Primary crushing is accomplished by using jaw crusher or cone crusher. Primary crushing yields chunks of ore ranging in size from 6 to 10 inches. Oversize material is passed through additional crushers and classifing equipment to achieve the desired particle size. The ore is then crushed and sized at a secondary milling facility. Secondary milling (comminution) further reduces particle size and prepares the ore for beneficiation processes that require finely ground ore feed. The product gold from this additional crushing is usually less than 1 inch (1/2 to 3/4 inches). Secondary crushing, if necessary and economical, is accomplished by using standard cone type or impact type crusher.
Subsequent fine grinding further reduces the ore particles to the consistency of fine powder (325 mesh, 0.0017 inches, and 0.44 microns). The choice of grinding circuit is based on the density and hardness of the ore to be ground. Ball grinder was used as ore grinding mill. Vibrating gold feeder is used to feed ore evenly to crushing and grinding machine. Vibrating gold screen is the screening machine. It screens out the appropriate chromite ore particles, these particles enter into ball grinder for grinding.
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